Which Texas canyon did Georgia O'Keeffe paint repeatedly while teaching in the 1910s?

Georgia O'Keeffe repeatedly painted Palo Duro Canyon while teaching in Texas in the 1910s.

O'Keeffe taught art at West Texas State Normal College, now West Texas A&M University, in Canyon, Texas, from 1916 to 1918. Palo Duro Canyon lies near Canyon and became an important source for her early experiments with abstraction and landscape.

Her Texas watercolors and other works translated cliffs, ravines, and changing light into simplified shapes and intense colors. These paintings helped demonstrate that she could develop a modern visual language from the landscapes around her rather than relying only on European artistic models.

Palo Duro is sometimes called the “Grand Canyon of Texas,” but it is not the Grand Canyon in Arizona. Nor is it one of the New Mexico locations most associated with O'Keeffe’s later career. Her Texas period came before her permanent attachment to the Southwest, and the canyon was a decisive early subject.