Which Taoist deity is the god of longevity?

The Taoist deity associated with longevity is Shouxing, whose name means “Longevity Star.” He is also called Shou Xing or Shoulao and is represented as an elderly, benevolent figure with a notably high forehead, often holding a peach, staff, or gourd.

Shouxing is one of the Sanxing, the Three Star Gods of traditional Chinese religion. The other two are Fuxing, associated with happiness or good fortune, and Luxing, associated with prosperity, rank, and success. Together, the three express major hopes for a good life: happiness, prosperity, and long life.

The deity is linked with the star Canopus, known in Chinese astronomy as the star of the South Pole. Traditional belief associated this star with determining or extending human lifespans. Shouxing is often confused with any elderly-looking immortal or with Buddhist figures such as Guanyin, but his identifying theme is longevity. His imagery remains especially common in birthday celebrations, auspicious paintings, and household decorations.