Which submarine was the first to make a submerged voyage beneath the North Pole?

USS Nautilus was the first submarine to make a submerged voyage beneath the North Pole.

On 3 August 1958, USS Nautilus reached the geographic North Pole while traveling beneath the Arctic ice. The achievement was made possible by nuclear propulsion, which gave the submarine the endurance to remain submerged for a long voyage without surfacing for air or fuel.

Nautilus traveled from the Pacific Ocean under the Arctic Ocean to the Atlantic, completing Operation Sunshine. It was the first vessel to reach the North Pole beneath the ice, although earlier submarines had reached the area or surfaced near the pole under different circumstances.

USS Skate later became the first submarine to surface at the North Pole, in 1959. Nautilus is now preserved as a museum ship in Groton, Connecticut, after serving the U.S. Navy for decades.