Which small country has the Vatican Museums within its territory?

The small country that contains the Vatican Museums is Vatican City.

The Vatican Museums are public museums located inside Vatican City, the sovereign enclave surrounded by Rome, Italy. They preserve collections assembled by the Catholic Church and successive popes, including ancient Roman sculpture, Renaissance painting, manuscripts, maps, and religious art. Visitors pass through the museums to reach the Sistine Chapel, whose ceiling and altar wall were painted by Michelangelo.

Pope Julius II began the museum collections in the early 16th century, after acquiring major works such as the Laocoön sculpture in 1506. The museums expanded over the centuries as popes commissioned, purchased, and received art. They now include spaces such as the Raphael Rooms, the Gallery of Maps, and the Pio-Clementine Museum.

The common confusion is between Vatican City and Rome. The museums are physically enclosed within Vatican City, although their address is in Rome and visitors approach them through the Italian capital. They are not in Monaco, San Marino, or Italy as a sovereign territory.