Which scientist proposed the three laws of motion in the 1687 book Principia?

Isaac Newton proposed the three laws of motion in his 1687 book Principia.

Newton presented the laws in Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, usually called the Principia. The work provided a mathematical framework for motion and connected terrestrial mechanics with the movement of celestial bodies. It also introduced Newton’s law of universal gravitation.

The first law describes inertia: an object remains at rest or moves uniformly in a straight line unless acted on by a net external force. The second relates force, mass, and acceleration. The third states that interacting bodies exert equal and opposite forces on each other.

Newton built on earlier work by Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, and René Descartes. His mechanics dominated physics for centuries and remains highly accurate for ordinary speeds and scales. Relativity and quantum mechanics later expanded the limits of classical mechanics rather than making the laws useless in everyday applications.