Which scientist proposed the continental drift theory in 1912?

Alfred Wegener proposed the continental drift theory in 1912.

Wegener argued that the continents had once formed a single supercontinent, which he called Pangaea, before gradually moving apart. He supported the idea with the matching shapes of continental coastlines, related fossils on separated continents, and similarities between distant rock formations.

His proposal was initially rejected by many geologists because he could not explain a convincing mechanism capable of moving continents. Later evidence for seafloor spreading and plate tectonics supplied that mechanism and transformed continental drift into a central part of modern Earth science.

Wegener is therefore credited with the continental-drift idea, but not with the complete modern theory of plate tectonics, which developed after his death.