Cars was the first Pixar Cars film to win the Golden Globe for Best Animated Feature Film.
The award was presented for the 2006 film at the 64th Golden Globe Awards, held in January 2007. Cars won the category in the award's early history; the Golden Globes had introduced Best Animated Feature Film only a few years earlier.
Cars 2 and Cars 3 were released later and did not replace the original film as the franchise's first Golden Globe winner. Toy Story 3 is another Pixar film, but it is a separate franchise and not the first Cars-series winner.
The distinction is specifically about the Golden Globe category, not every animation award. Cars also received major nominations elsewhere, including an Academy Award nomination for Best Animated Feature, but the question's superlative concerns the Golden Globe win.