Which penguin species is the only penguin native to Africa?

The African penguin is the only penguin species native to Africa.

It breeds along the southwestern coast of Africa, especially in Namibia and South Africa, and on nearby islands. Its range is possible because the cold Benguela Current brings nutrient-rich water northward along the coast. Penguins are usually associated with Antarctica, but several species live outside polar regions.

The African penguin was formerly widely called the jackass penguin because of its loud braying call, which resembles a donkey’s bray. Its scientific name is Spheniscus demersus, and it belongs to the banded penguin group, which also includes the Humboldt, Magellanic, and Galápagos penguins.

The species is endangered by declining fish supplies, pollution, disease, and disturbance at breeding colonies. Conservation work includes protected areas, nest provision, rescue programs, and efforts to manage competition with commercial fisheries.