Which outlaw used the alias Black Bart while robbing stagecoaches in California and Oregon?

Charles Earl Boles was the outlaw who used the alias Black Bart while robbing stagecoaches in California and Oregon.

Boles robbed Wells Fargo stagecoaches from 1875 to 1883, usually operating alone and on foot. He often covered his face with a flour sack and carried a shotgun, but he generally avoided violence and never fired a shot during his known robberies.

Black Bart became unusual among stagecoach robbers because he left poems at some crime scenes. His refined appearance and written messages helped create a romanticized public image that differed from the reality of armed theft.

A handkerchief dropped during the robbery of a Wells Fargo coach helped investigators identify him through a laundry mark. Boles was arrested in 1883, pleaded guilty, served time at San Quentin, and disappeared after his release.