Which massive dam on the Nile in Egypt was completed in 1970 and created Lake Nasser?

The massive dam on the Nile in Egypt completed in 1970 that created Lake Nasser is the Aswan High Dam.

Built at Aswan between 1960 and 1970, the Aswan High Dam was designed to control the Nile’s annual floods, store water for irrigation and generate hydroelectric power. It stands upstream from the older Aswan Low Dam, completed in 1902, which had become insufficient for Egypt’s expanding water and electricity needs.

The dam impounded the Nile to form Lake Nasser, one of the world’s largest artificial lakes. The reservoir extends into Sudan, where it is generally known as Lake Nubia. Creating it flooded parts of historic Nubia and led to the relocation of communities and the international rescue and relocation of monuments, including the temples at Abu Simbel.

The project transformed Egyptian agriculture and power generation, but it also reduced the natural silt reaching the Nile Valley and delta. This made artificial fertiliser more important and contributed to changes in the river’s ecology and coastal sediment supply.