Which Japanese art form greatly influenced Van Gogh?

Ukiyo-e was the Japanese art form that greatly influenced Vincent van Gogh. These colorful woodblock prints flourished in Japan from the 17th through the 19th centuries and depicted landscapes, actors, beauties, travel scenes, plants and everyday life.

Van Gogh became interested in Japanese prints while in Antwerp in 1885 and used them to decorate his studio. After moving to Paris in 1886, he collected hundreds of ukiyo-e prints with his brother Theo. He and other artists were drawn to their bold outlines, flat areas of color, unusual cropping, asymmetrical compositions and expressive use of empty space.

Van Gogh directly copied Japanese prints in oil, including works after Hiroshige and Keisai Eisen. His painting Courtesan (after Eisen) shows this engagement particularly clearly. The broader European fascination with Japanese art was called Japonisme. Bonsai, origami and sumi-e are genuine Japanese traditions, but they are not the specific print-based influence meant by this question.