Which institution gave Georgia O'Keeffe her first major museum retrospective in 1943?

The Art Institute of Chicago gave Georgia O'Keeffe her first major museum retrospective in 1943.

The retrospective recognized the breadth of O'Keeffe's career, including abstractions, flowers, New York architecture, and landscapes. By that point she had already attracted serious attention through Alfred Stieglitz's galleries and exhibitions, but the Chicago presentation established her as a major American artist in a museum context.

O'Keeffe's first museum retrospective is sometimes confused with later exhibitions at the Museum of Modern Art or the Whitney Museum of American Art. A retrospective differs from a single-work or group exhibition because it surveys an artist's career across periods and subjects. The 1943 exhibition took place before O'Keeffe's permanent move toward a primarily New Mexico-based life and before the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum existed.