Which Greek philosopher was the founder of Stoicism?

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Zeno of Citium was the Greek philosopher who founded Stoicism.

Born in Citium on Cyprus, Zeno eventually settled in Athens and began teaching philosophy around 300 BCE. He lectured in the Stoa Poikile, or Painted Porch, a public colonnade in the Athenian Agora. The location gave the school its name: Zeno's followers became known as Stoics.

Zeno drew on Cynic ideas, especially the belief that a virtuous life should be independent of wealth, status, and material comfort. Early Stoicism also developed a systematic approach to ethics, logic, and physics, emphasizing rational judgment and living in accordance with nature. Zeno established the school, but later thinkers such as Cleanthes and Chrysippus expanded and systematized his ideas. Marcus Aurelius, Seneca, and Epictetus were influential later Stoics, not founders of the movement.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Aug. 2026

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