Which Georgia O'Keeffe painting features a cow's skull against a red, white, and blue background?

Georgia O'Keeffe's painting featuring a cow's skull against a red, white, and blue background is Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue.

O'Keeffe painted the work in 1931, during the period when bones became important recurring subjects in her art. She collected bones from the New Mexico landscape and treated them as striking forms rather than merely as symbols of death.

The painting's title identifies both its central object and its sharply limited color scheme. The red, white, and blue arrangement can evoke the visual language of the United States, but the work is not simply a literal patriotic illustration. O'Keeffe joined an unmistakably American object to the spare geometry of the desert.

Cow bones, animal skulls, crosses, hills, flowers, and architectural forms appear throughout O'Keeffe's work. Individual titles matter because several of her paintings use similar bone imagery, making the full title the safest way to distinguish this composition.