Which French governor surrendered Montreal in 1760?

Which French governor surrendered Montreal in 1760? The French governor Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial, surrendered Montreal on September 8, 1760. His capitulation brought the French conquest of Canada to an end during the French and Indian War.

Vaudreuil was governor general of New France and the colony’s senior civil authority. By 1760, French forces had lost Quebec, could not receive meaningful reinforcements from France, and faced converging British armies advancing on Montreal. The French commander Chevalier de Lévis still had troops available, but the strategic situation was considered hopeless. Vaudreuil negotiated the Articles of Capitulation with Major General Jeffery Amherst, the British commander.

The surrender is sometimes confused with the military role of Lévis or with the surrender of Quebec in 1759. Lévis commanded much of the French field army, while Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay had handled Quebec’s immediate capitulation. Vaudreuil’s signature at Montreal, however, transferred the remaining French colony to British military control. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 later formalized Britain’s possession of most of New France.