Númenor is the fictional island homeland of the Númenóreans in J.R.R. Tolkien’s legendarium.
The island was raised from the sea by the Valar as a reward for the Men who had aided the Elves during the wars against Morgoth. Its people became known as the Dúnedain, or Men of the West, and their kings established a powerful civilization in the Second Age.
Númenor’s history eventually turns tragic. Under King Ar-Pharazôn, its people grew jealous of the immortality of the Elves and were persuaded by Sauron to challenge the Ban of the Valar. The island was destroyed and drowned in the cataclysm later remembered as the Downfall of Númenor.
Valinor was the dwelling place of the Valar and many Elves, while Tol Eressëa was another island in the Undying Lands. Beleriand was a region of Middle-earth in the First Age, not Númenor’s homeland.