Which document did the Second Continental Congress adopt on July 4, 1776, launching the United States' independence anniversary tradition?

The Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, launching the United States' independence anniversary tradition.

The document announced that the Thirteen Colonies regarded themselves as free and independent states rather than colonies under British rule. Congress met at the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia, a building later renamed Independence Hall.

Thomas Jefferson largely wrote the first draft, but Congress edited the text during debate. A five-member drafting committee included Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston. The final declaration listed grievances against King George III and explained the political case for separation.

July 4 marks adoption of the declaration. The famous engrossed parchment was prepared afterward and signed primarily on August 2, 1776. That distinction explains why the national holiday uses the adoption date rather than the principal signing date.