Indonesia is the largest country located on the island of Borneo, where its territory forms the region known as Kalimantan.
Borneo is divided among three countries: Indonesia controls the southern and central majority, Malaysia controls the states of Sabah and Sarawak in the north, and Brunei occupies two small coastal enclaves. Indonesia therefore has both the largest share of the island and the largest national territory among its three countries.
The island is famous for tropical rainforests, exceptional biodiversity, and major rivers. It is also one of the few places where wild orangutans live. Indonesia’s planned capital, Nusantara, is located in East Kalimantan on Borneo, while Jakarta remains the national capital during the transition period.
Borneo is the world’s third-largest island, after Greenland and New Guinea. It is not itself a country, a common source of confusion in geography questions.