The ancient city of Babylon is in Iraq.
Babylon was a major city of ancient Mesopotamia near the Euphrates River, south of modern Baghdad. It became especially powerful under Hammurabi in the eighteenth century BCE and reached monumental prominence under Nebuchadnezzar II in the sixth century BCE.
The Ishtar Gate was one of Babylon's famous entrances. Its glazed blue bricks and animal figures were dedicated to the goddess Ishtar. Much of the gate displayed in Berlin's Pergamon Museum comes from excavated material, while the archaeological site itself remains in Iraq.
Babylon is often confused with Nineveh, another major Mesopotamian city in Iraq, but Nineveh stood near modern Mosul. Babylon is also linked to the biblical Tower of Babel tradition, though the literary tradition and the surviving archaeology are not identical.