Which cosmetics company did Elizabeth Arden found in New York in 1910?

Elizabeth Arden founded the cosmetics company Elizabeth Arden in New York in 1910.

Born Florence Nightingale Graham in Canada, she adopted the professional name Elizabeth Arden and opened a salon on Fifth Avenue. Her early business combined beauty treatments with products designed for home use, helping make cosmetics part of a broader personal-care routine. The red door of her salon became a recognizable brand symbol.

Arden promoted coordinated skincare, makeup, and exercise, and she helped make cosmetics socially acceptable for many American women in the early twentieth century. A common mix-up is confusing her with Helena Rubinstein, another pioneering beauty entrepreneur who built a competing cosmetics company during the same era.