Which central bank has issued Australia's banknotes since 1960?

The Reserve Bank of Australia has issued Australia's banknotes since 1960.

The bank was created when the Commonwealth Bank of Australia was separated into a central banking institution and a trading bank. The Reserve Bank Act 1959 established the Reserve Bank, which began operations on 14 January 1960. The Commonwealth Bank had previously combined central-bank and commercial-banking functions.

Today, the Reserve Bank conducts monetary policy, maintains financial-system stability, provides banking services to the Australian government and manages the country's official gold and foreign-exchange reserves. It also operates Australia's banknote-issuing function.

Australia became notable for introducing polymer banknotes. The first polymer note, a commemorative $10 note, appeared in 1988, and polymer technology was later used across the circulating series. The Commonwealth Bank of Australia is now a separate commercial bank, despite its historical connection to central banking.