Which capital of Azerbaijan is on the Absheron Peninsula? Baku is the answer.
Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects eastward into the Caspian Sea. It is Azerbaijan’s capital and largest city, and its position gives the country an important maritime gateway on the western Caspian coast.
The peninsula extends roughly 60 kilometres into the sea and reaches about 30 kilometres at its greatest width. Its name comes from Persian words meaning “salty waters,” fitting a landscape known for salt lakes, sandy terrain and strong winds. Baku’s natural harbour, the Bay of Baku, has supported trade and shipping for centuries.
Baku’s history is also closely tied to petroleum. Large-scale oil exploitation from the late nineteenth century helped drive rapid urban growth and attracted workers and investors from across the Russian Empire and neighbouring regions. The city’s low elevation is another notable feature: much of Baku lies below sea level.
Do not confuse Baku with Sumqayit, another major Absheron city. Sumqayit is on the same peninsula, but Baku is the national capital.