Which battery chemistry is abbreviated LFP in electric vehicles?

LFP in electric vehicles stands for lithium iron phosphate.

Lithium iron phosphate batteries use lithium iron phosphate as the positive-electrode material. They are valued for strong thermal stability, long cycle life, and the absence of nickel and cobalt in the cathode chemistry. Those characteristics can help reduce material cost and supply-chain exposure.

Compared with many nickel-rich lithium-ion batteries, LFP cells generally have lower energy density. A vehicle using them may therefore need a larger or heavier pack to provide the same range. However, LFP packs can be attractive for affordable cars, buses, commercial vehicles, and stationary storage.

LFP is not a separate battery family from lithium-ion technology; it is a lithium-ion chemistry. It is also commonly written as LiFePO4, reflecting the chemical formula. Battery performance depends on cell design, cooling, software, and charging limits, not chemistry alone.