Pakistan is home to Mohenjo-daro, one of the largest settlements of the Indus Valley civilization. The archaeological site stands in Sindh province near the Indus River and flourished around 2500 BC, during the civilization’s mature urban phase.
Mohenjo-daro had a planned street grid, baked-brick buildings, wells, drainage channels, and a large public structure known as the Great Bath. These features show sophisticated urban management, although the language of its people remains undeciphered and many details about their political system are unknown.
The site was rediscovered and excavated in the 1920s under British Indian archaeological authorities. Its name is often translated as “Mound of the Dead.” Mohenjo-daro is sometimes confused with Harappa, another major Indus Valley site, but the two are separate settlements. Both are now in Pakistan and provide evidence of one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations.