Which artist and educator influenced Georgia O'Keeffe through principles of line and composition?

Arthur Wesley Dow influenced Georgia O'Keeffe through his principles of line, tone, and composition. O'Keeffe encountered Dow's ideas while studying at the University of Virginia's summer school in 1912, after a period in which she had become dissatisfied with conventional academic art.

Dow encouraged artists to organize visual elements rather than simply reproduce appearances. This approach helped O'Keeffe experiment with simplified forms and abstraction, and it became a key step in her development before her New York exhibitions.

Dow was an artist, educator, and author whose teaching influenced many American artists and designers. O'Keeffe did not simply imitate his paintings; she adapted his emphasis on composition into a highly individual style. Her later flowers, bones, buildings, and landscapes often reduce subjects to powerful shapes and relationships rather than detailed naturalistic copies.