Which art movement is most often associated with Georgia O'Keeffe's early abstract paintings?

Georgia O'Keeffe's early abstract paintings are most often associated with American modernism. Her enlarged flowers, landscapes, and abstract forms helped establish a distinctly American modernist language.

Her early charcoal drawings of 1915 are especially important. They were among the first entirely abstract works produced by an American artist, using simplified lines and shapes rather than recognizable subject matter.

O'Keeffe later returned to identifiable forms, but she continued to use cropping, close-up views, unusual scale, and simplified contours. Those methods made flowers, bones, buildings, and landscapes appear both recognizable and abstract.

Critics sometimes placed her within the context of Surrealism because of the dreamlike or symbolic readings applied to her images. O'Keeffe rejected many such interpretations, and her work is more securely described within American modernism than as Surrealist art.