Which Arctic shark is known for having the longest lifespan of any vertebrate?

The Greenland shark is known for having the longest lifespan of any vertebrate.

Radiocarbon dating of proteins in Greenland-shark eye lenses has produced estimates of several centuries. A widely cited study estimated that the oldest sampled shark was about 392 years old, with uncertainty around the estimate. This makes the species an extraordinary example of extreme longevity.

Greenland sharks grow very slowly and mature late, traits often associated with long-lived animals. They inhabit cold, deep waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, where their metabolism and growth are comparatively slow.

The result does not mean every Greenland shark lives for exactly 392 years. The age estimate includes a confidence range, and individual lifespans vary. The species is also a slow swimmer despite its large size, and it can scavenge a wide range of marine animals.