Which ancient pyramids are located on the Giza Plateau near Cairo?

The ancient pyramids on the Giza Plateau near Cairo are the Pyramids of Giza.

The complex contains three principal pyramids: the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure. They were built during Egypt's Fourth Dynasty, roughly between 2600 and 2500 BCE, as monumental funerary complexes for pharaohs and their royal families.

The Great Pyramid, built for Khufu, was originally about 146.6 metres high and remained the world's tallest human-made structure for more than 3,700 years. Khafre's pyramid appears taller in some views because it stands on higher ground, and it still preserves some of its original smooth limestone casing near the summit. Menkaure's pyramid is smaller but forms an essential part of the same royal landscape.

The Giza complex also includes temples, causeways, smaller queen's pyramids, cemeteries, workers' settlements, and the Great Sphinx. A common mistake is to call every Egyptian pyramid a Pyramid of Giza: Egypt has more than a hundred identified pyramids, including the Step Pyramid at Saqqara and the pyramids at Dahshur.