Which amendment gave American women the constitutional right to vote in 1920?

The Nineteenth Amendment gave American women the constitutional right to vote in 1920.

The amendment states that voting rights cannot be denied or abridged by the United States or a state on account of sex. Congress approved it in June 1919, and Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify it on August 18, 1920, supplying the required three-fourths of the states.

The amendment followed decades of organizing, petitioning, public speaking, and civil disobedience by the women’s suffrage movement. The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 is often remembered as an early landmark, although the campaign included many organizations and leaders over several generations.

The amendment did not guarantee that every woman could vote immediately in practice. Many Black women in the South continued to face poll taxes, literacy tests, intimidation, and other barriers. Native American women and some other groups also faced separate citizenship or voting restrictions. Later federal laws and court decisions were needed to enforce broader voting access.