“Lesser Eid” is an alternate English name for Eid al-Fitr, contrasting it with Eid al-Adha, the “Greater Eid.”
The comparison refers to the traditional pairing of Islam’s two major festivals. Eid al-Fitr occurs on 1 Shawwal, immediately after Ramadan, and celebrates the completion of the month of fasting. Eid al-Adha occurs on 10 Dhu al-Hijjah during the season of the Hajj pilgrimage and commemorates Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice in obedience to God.
“Lesser” does not mean that Eid al-Fitr is unimportant. It is one of the most significant celebrations in Islam and is observed with Eid prayer, zakat al-fitr, family gatherings, gifts and festive meals. In some languages and communities, it is also called the Small Eid, First Eid, Sweet Eid or Sugar Feast.
The contrasting labels can be confusing because Eid al-Adha is sometimes called Big Eid or Major Festival, while Eid al-Fitr may last fewer days or be associated with breaking the fast. Both names are established religious and cultural usages.