Which 9th-century mausoleum in Bukhara is a celebrated early Islamic brick monument?

The Samanid Mausoleum in Bukhara is a celebrated early Islamic brick monument from the 9th century.

The square mausoleum was built in the Samanid period, probably between 892 and 943, and is traditionally associated with Ismail Samani and his family. It is one of the earliest surviving examples of a purpose-built Islamic mausoleum in Central Asia.

Its architecture is notable for using baked brick as both structure and ornament. Repeating brick patterns create geometric textures on the exterior, while a domed chamber and corner squinches organize the interior.

The monument survived partly because it was buried by accumulated soil for centuries, protecting it from some later changes. It is sometimes incorrectly described as a Timurid building, but it predates Timur and the Timurid monuments of Samarkand by several hundred years.