Which 1989 Disney animated musical is based on a Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale?

The 1989 Disney animated musical based on a Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale is The Little Mermaid.

Disney's film is loosely based on Andersen's 1837 Danish story "The Little Mermaid," but it substantially changes the tone and plot. The animated version follows Ariel, a mermaid princess who dreams of living on land, falls in love with Prince Eric, and bargains with the sea witch Ursula for a chance to become human.

The movie was written and directed by John Musker and Ron Clements, with songs by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken. Its success helped launch what is often called the Disney Renaissance, the studio's highly successful run of animated musicals in the late 1980s and 1990s.

The original fairy tale is darker and has a tragic ending, unlike Disney's more romantic adventure. It is also easy to confuse this title with later Disney films such as Frozen or Tangled, but neither is based on Andersen's mermaid story.