Which 1929 Georgia O'Keeffe painting depicts a large black cross against a New Mexico landscape?

Georgia O'Keeffe's 1929 painting depicting a large black cross against a New Mexico landscape is Black Cross, New Mexico.

O'Keeffe painted Black Cross, New Mexico in 1929, the year of her first visit to New Mexico. The work combines a stark religious-looking form with the expansive desert environment that quickly became central to her art.

The black cross is set against distant hills and sky, creating a strong contrast between the simple foreground shape and the broad landscape beyond it. The painting reflects O'Keeffe's interest in isolating forms so that they become visually commanding.

The title is sometimes confused with her later New Mexico paintings featuring bones, crosses, or red hills. Those works share the region's imagery, but Black Cross, New Mexico is identified specifically by the large dark cross and its 1929 date.