What was the title of Georgia O'Keeffe's 1931 painting of a white skull with red hills?

Georgia O'Keeffe's 1931 painting of a white cow skull with red hills is titled Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue. The work combines a sun-bleached animal bone with a simplified New Mexico landscape.

O'Keeffe collected bones during walks in the Southwest and used them as carefully composed subjects rather than as ordinary still-life objects. In this painting, the skull is placed prominently against a background of sky and red terrain, turning a found object into an emblematic image.

The red, white, and blue in the title refers to the painting's dominant colors, not to a literal flag. O'Keeffe often used bones, crosses, doors, and other forms from New Mexico as subjects for formal experiments in scale, shape, and space.

The work belongs to the period when New Mexico was becoming central to her art, though she did not move there permanently until 1949. It should not be confused with her related Ram's Head series, which features different animal bones and compositions.