What was the title of Georgia O'Keeffe's 1916 abstract charcoal series that Alfred Stieglitz exhibited?

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Georgia O'Keeffe’s 1916 abstract charcoal series exhibited by Alfred Stieglitz was titled Specials.

The series consisted of highly simplified charcoal drawings built from curving, energetic forms. O'Keeffe made them while teaching in Texas, and they represented a major departure from the conventional academic style she had learned earlier. Rather than depicting a recognizable object, the drawings explored line, shape, rhythm, and emotional intensity.

Stieglitz exhibited some of these works at his 291 gallery in New York, helping bring O'Keeffe to the attention of the American modern-art world. The charcoal drawings are sometimes discussed broadly as her early abstractions, but Specials is the specific series title. Music is the title of a later and separate body of paintings associated with her interest in visual equivalents for sound.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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