What was the name of the commission Nelson Mandela established to investigate apartheid-era abuses?

Nelson Mandela established South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate apartheid-era abuses.

The commission was created under the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act of 1995 and began its public work in 1996. Archbishop Desmond Tutu chaired it, while Alex Boraine served as deputy chair.

The commission investigated gross human-rights violations committed between 1960 and 1994. Victims could give testimony, and perpetrators who made full disclosures and satisfied the legal requirements could apply for amnesty. Its purpose was to document the past and support national reconciliation rather than conduct a conventional series of criminal trials.

Mandela did not chair the commission himself. That is a frequent confusion because it was created during his presidency and became one of the defining institutions of his government.