What top speed did Elon Musk’s 2013 Hyperloop proposal project for passenger capsules?

Elon Musk’s 2013 Hyperloop proposal projected a top speed of 760 miles per hour for passenger capsules.

Musk published the concept in a white paper titled “Hyperloop Alpha.” It described low-pressure tubes, passenger and cargo capsules, and a route that could connect the Los Angeles and San Francisco areas much faster than conventional ground transport.

The proposal used aerodynamic principles and magnetic or air-bearing support to reduce friction. It was presented as an open-source idea rather than a finished product owned exclusively by Musk, and several companies and research groups later developed their own versions.

The projected speed is a design target from the original proposal, not a speed achieved by a commercial Hyperloop service. No full-scale passenger Hyperloop system matching the proposal’s specifications has entered regular operation.