What is Venus's orbital inclination to the ecliptic?

Venus’s orbital inclination to the ecliptic is 3.39 degrees.

Orbital inclination measures how far a planet’s orbital plane is tilted relative to the ecliptic, the reference plane based approximately on Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Venus’s orbit is only slightly inclined, so it stays close to the apparent path the Sun follows across the sky when viewed from Earth.

The small angle does not mean Venus always passes directly between Earth and the Sun. Venus’s orbit is also offset from Earth’s, and the two planets must reach the correct point in their respective orbits for a transit of Venus to occur. That combination makes transits rare, though highly predictable.

The number is often confused with Venus’s axial tilt. Its rotation axis is commonly described as having an obliquity of about 177.36 degrees, or equivalently a retrograde tilt of about 2.64 degrees under another convention. Orbital inclination and axial tilt describe different geometrical relationships.