The England–Scotland rugby union fixture is traditionally known as the Calcutta Cup.
England and Scotland first played each other at Raeburn Place in Edinburgh on 27 March 1871. That match is widely recognised as the first international rugby union game. The Calcutta Cup itself was introduced in 1879 and is awarded to the winner of the annual Six Nations match between the two nations.
The trophy was made from melted silver rupees associated with the Calcutta Football Club in India. Its design includes three cobra-shaped handles and an elephant on the lid, reflecting the club’s origins and the craftsmanship of the period.
The Calcutta Cup is often confused with other famous rugby trophies. The Bledisloe Cup is contested by Australia and New Zealand, while the Millennium Trophy belongs to England and Ireland. The Calcutta Cup specifically belongs to the England–Scotland rivalry.