What is the title of the primary Mongol source on Genghis Khan?

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The primary Mongol source on Genghis Khan is The Secret History of the Mongols. It is the oldest surviving literary work in a Mongolic language and the most important native Mongolian account of Genghis Khan's life, rise, and conquests.

The work was composed in Middle Mongolian for the Mongol royal family after Genghis Khan's death in 1227. Its author is unknown. The text begins with a partly legendary genealogy, then follows Temüjin's difficult childhood, his alliances and rivalries, and his unification of the Mongol tribes before becoming Genghis Khan in 1206.

The Secret History also describes the early reign of Ögedei Khan, Genghis's successor. The original Mongolian manuscript has not survived. Instead, the text was preserved through a later version in which Mongolian sounds were transcribed with Chinese characters and accompanied by a Chinese translation.

Readers sometimes confuse it with Persian or Chinese chronicles such as Jami al-Tawarikh or the History of Yuan. Those are valuable outside accounts, but The Secret History is the key surviving source produced within the Mongol literary tradition itself.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Aug. 2026

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