A bicycle designed for children to learn balance without pedals is called a balance bike.
Instead of pedaling, the child sits low, pushes along with their feet, and gradually learns steering, balance, and countersteering. Once both feet can lift from the ground, the child can glide for longer distances. Pedaling is introduced later, after the most difficult skill—staying upright—has been learned.
Balance bikes descend from Karl Drais’s 1817 Laufmaschine, or dandy horse, an early two-wheeled machine that also had no pedals. German designer Rolf Mertens introduced a commercially produced children’s Laufrad in 1997, and the concept spread widely during the 2000s.
A balance bike is not the same as a bicycle with training wheels. Training wheels prevent leaning and can delay the development of natural balance and countersteering. “Run bike” and “Laufrad” are valid alternative names, but “balance bike” is the standard English quiz answer.