What is the name of the world’s largest confirmed meteorite impact structure, in South Africa?

The world’s largest confirmed meteorite impact structure, in South Africa, is Vredefort crater.

The structure formed about 2 billion years ago when a very large asteroid struck the region now known as the Free State province. The impact excavated and intensely deformed the crust, producing shock effects, uplifted rocks, and a broad geological structure. Erosion has removed much of the original crater rim, so the modern feature is not a simple bowl-shaped crater.

Vredefort is generally estimated to have originally measured roughly 250–300 kilometres across. Its central uplift and surrounding geology provide evidence of the enormous energy released during the collision. The site is important to planetary geology because it preserves features created by one of Earth’s largest known impacts.

It is sometimes compared with Chicxulub in Mexico, the impact associated with the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period. Chicxulub is younger and famous for its biological consequences, whereas Vredefort is older and larger in confirmed original diameter.