What is the name of the literary movement founded by Vicente Huidobro?

The literary movement founded by Vicente Huidobro was Creacionismo, also called Creationism in English.

Creacionismo emerged within the Spanish-language avant-garde during the 1910s. Huidobro argued that a poem should not merely describe or imitate the existing world; it should create a new one through language. This idea made the poet an inventor of images, relationships, and realities rather than a passive recorder of experience.

Huidobro outlined the theory in Buenos Aires in 1916 and later carried it to Europe. His contacts with Parisian avant-garde circles and his visits to Madrid helped spread the movement. Works such as El espejo de agua, Horizon carré, and Altazor demonstrate its interest in visual arrangement, surprising metaphors, unusual syntax, and linguistic invention.

Creacionismo is often confused with Ultraísmo because both were Spanish-language avant-garde movements and interacted in Madrid. They are not identical: Ultraísmo was a broader movement, while Creacionismo centered on Huidobro’s theory of poetry as autonomous creation. There was also a long-running dispute over whether French poet Pierre Reverdy shared or preceded Huidobro’s claim to the movement’s invention.