What is the name of the 1906 earthquake that devastated Valparaíso and Santiago?

The 1906 earthquake that devastated Valparaíso and Santiago was the Valparaíso earthquake.

The earthquake struck central Chile on 16 August 1906. It had an estimated magnitude of about 8.2 and was associated with the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate along the Peru–Chile Trench.

Valparaíso suffered extensive destruction, fires, and loss of life, while strong shaking affected Santiago and other parts of central Chile. Contemporary reports describe widespread damage to masonry buildings and infrastructure.

Chile’s location above an active subduction zone makes it one of the world’s most earthquake-prone countries. The 1906 event predates modern instrumental networks, so its magnitude and rupture characteristics are reconstructed from historical accounts, damage patterns, and geological evidence.