What is the name of Georgia O'Keeffe's 1931 painting featuring a cow skull against a red, white, and blue background?

Georgia O'Keeffe's 1931 painting featuring a cow skull against a red, white, and blue background is Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue.

O'Keeffe painted Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue in 1931. The work presents a weathered cow skull suspended against a stark field of red, white, and blue, combining a natural object from the New Mexico landscape with colors associated with the United States.

Bones became an important subject for O'Keeffe after she began spending time in New Mexico. She collected bones from the desert and treated them as enduring, sculptural forms. Their whiteness, irregular contours, and relationship to open space gave her a way to explore shape and landscape without simply depicting a conventional vista.

The title is sometimes confused with Ram's Head, White Hollyhock-Hills, a different New Mexico painting from 1935. O'Keeffe also painted pelvis bones, but Cow's Skull is specifically the work with the patriotic red, white, and blue background.