What is the name of Ferrari's first V12 engine design?

Ferrari’s first V12 engine design was the Colombo V12, also called the Ferrari Colombo engine. Designed by Gioacchino Colombo with Giuseppe Busso and Luigi Bazzi, it became Ferrari’s first homegrown engine.

The original version powered the Ferrari 125 S sports racer and appeared on May 11, 1947. It was a compact 1.5-liter, 60-degree V12, with the model’s “125” designation referring to the approximate 125 cubic centimeters per cylinder. The engine used a single overhead camshaft for each cylinder bank and three Weber carburetors.

Ferrari later enlarged and developed the Colombo design for cars such as the 166, 195, 212, 250, 275, 330, 365, 400, and 412. Its production span ran from 1947 to 1988, making it one of the company’s longest-lived engine families. Versions powered racing cars, grand tourers, and celebrated road models.

A common confusion is the Lampredi V12. Aurelio Lampredi designed that separate Ferrari V12 after Colombo’s engine, and it became important in racing, but it was not Ferrari’s first V12 design.