What is the name for a doctor who treats eye diseases and performs eye surgery?

An ophthalmologist is a doctor who treats eye diseases and performs eye surgery.

Ophthalmologists are physicians trained in both the medical and surgical care of the eyes and related structures. They can diagnose conditions such as cataracts, glaucoma, retinal disease, corneal disorders and eye tumors. Depending on the problem, treatment may include prescription medicines, laser therapy or an operation such as cataract removal or retinal surgery.

The word ophthalmology comes from Greek roots connected with the eye and the study of it. After medical school, ophthalmologists complete specialized postgraduate training; some then pursue fellowships in areas such as pediatric ophthalmology, glaucoma, cornea, neuro-ophthalmology or vitreoretinal surgery.

A frequent mix-up is confusing an ophthalmologist with an optometrist. Optometrists examine vision, prescribe glasses and contact lenses, and in some places treat selected eye conditions, but they are not medical doctors trained as eye surgeons. An optician fits and makes corrective lenses. A neurologist, by contrast, treats disorders of the nervous system rather than serving as the general surgical eye specialist.