What is the deepest recorded dive by an emperor penguin?

The deepest recorded dive by an emperor penguin reached 565 metres.

Researchers recorded this exceptional depth using electronic time-depth recorders attached to emperor penguins. The species is an outstanding diving bird, able to remain underwater for long periods while pursuing fish, squid and krill beneath Antarctic sea ice.

Most dives are shallower than the record, but emperor penguins routinely descend far below the surface. Their streamlined bodies, dense bones and oxygen-storing muscles help them tolerate pressure and conserve energy underwater.

A deep dive is not the same as a record breath-hold. Emperor penguins have also been recorded staying underwater for more than 20 minutes, but depth and duration are separate measurements. The 565-metre figure is a documented maximum, not the normal depth of every foraging trip.