A manicure that uses gel polish cured under ultraviolet light is commonly called a gel manicure. The polish contains light-reactive ingredients that harden when exposed to UV or UV-emitting LED light.
Unlike ordinary nail polish, gel polish does not simply dry through solvent evaporation. Light activates a photoinitiator, starting a chemical reaction called polymerization. The liquid coating forms a tougher cross-linked polymer film, which gives gel manicures their glossy finish and greater resistance to chipping.
A typical service applies several thin layers, curing each one under the lamp. With proper preparation and care, gel polish may last around two weeks, although durability depends on the product, application, and the wearer’s nails. Removal usually involves soaking in acetone; peeling or scraping it off can damage the nail plate.
Shellac is a frequent source of confusion. It is a branded hybrid product associated with Creative Nail Design, not the universal name for every UV-cured gel manicure. Dip powder and acrylic nails use different materials and curing processes, even though salons may combine them with gel polish for color or decoration.