The anatomical name for the organ commonly called the voice box is the larynx.
The larynx is an organ in the front of the neck that connects the lower part of the pharynx with the trachea. It houses the vocal folds, whose vibration produces sound as air passes through them, and its muscles adjust pitch and volume during speech.
The larynx also protects the airway. During swallowing, coordinated movements help keep food and liquid from entering the trachea. The epiglottis contributes to this protection, but it is a flap of tissue associated with the larynx—not another name for the entire organ.
In adults, the larynx generally lies opposite cervical vertebrae C3 through C6. Its framework contains nine cartilages, including the thyroid cartilage, which forms the visible laryngeal prominence often called the Adam’s apple, and the cricoid cartilage below it.